2008年11月20日星期四

Iceland

Iceland is considered as an European country and it is a large mountainous island in the north Atlantic Ocean, between Europe and North America. In a sense, it is a well-named country, with over 10% of the country covered by glaciers. In another sense it is not well named, with a surprisingly mild climate and countless geothermal hotsprings.
Iceland is a very beautiful place if you enjoy strange and desolate landscapes. Because it is so close to the Arctic Circle, the amount of daylight varies dramatically by season. The sun sets briefly each night in June, but it doesn't get fully dark before it comes up again. In March and September, days and nights are about equal, as elsewhere in the world. If you go in December, it's almost 20 hours of gloom or darkness. Summer is definitely the best time to go, and even then the tourist traffic is still mild. The midnight sun is a beautiful sight and one definitely not to miss. It is easy to lose time when the sun is still high in the sky at 11pm. Early or late winter, however, can be surprisingly good times to visit. In late January, it is effectively light from about 10am to 5pm, and the snow-blanketed landscape is very beautiful.
Iceland was settled by Nordic and Celtic people in the 9th century AD , tradition says that the first permanent settler was Ingólfur Arnarson, a Norwegian Viking who made his home where Reykjavik now stands. The Icelanders still basically speak the language of the Vikings.Iceland has surprisingly mild winters for a country at that latitude owing to the warming effect of the Atlantic Gulf Stream. Iceland enjoys a maritime temperate climate and the winters are often compared with those of New England , However the rapidly changing weather has given rise to the local saying: 'If you don't like the weather, wait fifteen minutes'.

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2008年11月18日星期二

Sweden

Sweden is the largest one of the four Nordic countries ,with a 9 million population. It borders Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark via the Oresund Bridge.
Although having been a military power during the 17th century, Sweden has not participated in any wars in almost two centuries. Having long remained outside military alliances including the World Wars I and II, the country has a high peace profile, with many internationally renowned figures such as Raoul Wallenberg, Alfred Bernhard Nobel, Ingrid Bergman and Greta Garbo, there are also many internationall renowned products such as Volvo, Ericsson, Electrolux , H&M and Ikea, if counted by population proportion, Sweden is a country which have the most multinational in the world. Sweden is a monarchy by constitution,but king Carl XVI Gustaf has no executive power. Sweden has a capitalist system and an advanced welfare state. The standard of living rank among the highest in the world. Sweden joined the European Union in 1995, but decided by a referendum in 2003 not to commit to the EMU and the euro currency.
December 13 is Saint Lucia's Day, which is the traditional festival of Sweden. The Swedish believe that Saint Lucia always come to the world in the night of December 13 ,she will bring the light to the people ,because the daytime in this day is the shortest all over the year, in Stockholm ,which is the capital of Sweden, the sun will rise at 9 a.m. and set in 3 p.m. ,after this day, the daytime will increase and the night will decrease day after day.
The Nobel’s House in Karlskoga is 200 kilometers far away from Stockholm ,it is a milk-white and two-floors building, there are many lawn and birch surround the house. Alfred Bernhard Nobel was born in 1833 at Stockholm, and he came back to his motherland in 1894, he spent his two last years at here, the Nobel’s House in Karlskoga is the only one Nobel’s former residence saved in good condition.

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Finland

Finland is in Scandinavia and has borders with Russia to the East, Norway to the North and Sweden to the West. The country is full of lakes, forests, small towns and cities. Finland has approximately 188,000 lakes and a similar number of islands. In the northernmost part of the country the polar night can be seen in the winter and Polar day in the summer. The Finns love to head to their summer cottages in the warmer months to enjoy their variety of relaxing sports such as sauna, swimming, fishing and barbecuing. There is a mountain in Finland named Korvatunturi which is considered as the home of Santa Claus, many Santa fans come to there that made a prosper tourist industry in Lapland.
After the World War II, Finland join into the Soviet sphere of influence, In the subsequent half century, the Finns made a remarkable transformation from a farm/forest economy to a diversified modern industrial economy ,there come out many high-tech giants like Nokia, and personal average income is now on par with Western European countries. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Finland joined the European Union in 1995, and was the only Nordic state to join the Euro system in January 1999.
Helsinki was built in 1550 and it became the capital of Finland in 1812, about 1.2 million people live in Helsinki live in there. Helsinki is closed to Baltic Sea and with classic and modern coexisting, variety style buildings and the blue sea made up this "Daughter of the Baltic". To compare with other Europe cities ,Helsinki is a young city which just have 450 years history, but the buildings were all have transitional romantic style. Helsinki is not only the politic and economic center ,but also the cultural and commerce center and the largest port of Finland, the Helsinki University has a 350 years history, which is the oldest university of Finland.

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2008年11月15日星期六

Kingdom of fairy tale-Denmark

Denmark is a country located in Scandinavia. The main part of it is Jutland, which is a peninsula in the north of Germany. There has been the seat of Viking raiders ,and later there became a major north European power. After these period ,Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation after it participated in the general political and economic integration of Europe. However, the country has choose out of European Union's Maastricht Treaty, the European monetary system .
Kingdom of fairy tale ” is another name of Denmark. Andersen was born in Odense in 1805. Denmark is one of the oldest country in the world, even their national flag has one thousand history , so there were too much battles and long history of this country , lots of folklores provide the matters for Andersen, many fairy tales are based on them. Denmark is famous for the fairy tales in the world ,almost everyone has a childhood with 《Sea Daughter》and 《The Little Match-Girl》.In nowadays, the Mermaid bronze which seats in Copenhagen was become the mark of Denmark.
Denmark is also the birthplace of one of the world's most popular toys - Lego. There is no other better place in the world where one can buy Lego bricks than at the Legoland theme park in Billund, which is a small town in the east coast of Jutland. Legoland is about 25 hektare and it was built in 1968,there are about one million tourists come to visit, it just like a mini-world, which was made up by about 42 million toy bricks. Legoland is the second large touristy city of Denmark, which all owe to their toy bricks ,just inferior to Copenhagen.

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2008年11月13日星期四

Norway

Norway is well known for its amazing and varied scenery. The gulf in the west are long and narrow, there are many high mountains on either side. Norway was an old Viking kingdom. It is known for its oil and seafood exports on economic.
Norway is a country with few people, the land area is as small as Great Britain and Germany about 385,155 square kilometers, but it has a population of only 4.76 million people. Thus, for each inhabitant there is 70,000 square meters of land, but the vast majority of this land is a rocky wilderness which is completely unusable for agriculture. As a result, Norway has a large number of completely unpopulated areas, many of which have been converted to national parks.
In winter, cross-country skiing, alpine skiing and snowboarding are very popular. In summer, hiking and biking are good sports. For some people who love adventure, kayaking, rafting, cave or glacier exploration are good choices. Car tourists will enjoy driving along the gulf and mountains in the west. In short, Norway has a lot to offer in terms of nature. Norwegians are very proud of their national parks which they strive to keep unspoiled.
In Northern Norway there is 24 hour sunshine in the summer and no sun at all at mid-winter. Although Southern Norway can not enjoy the midnight sun, at midsummer the night is very short even in Oslo - it doesn't get really dark at all. Norway is a Christian country and the Lutheran church is a government institution. So Sunday is considered as a holy day and most business are closed in Sunday. Christmas and Easter are major holidays and many Norwegians are away from work for a full week or more.

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2008年11月12日星期三

Bali-Island of The Gods

Bali is one of about 13,000 islands in Indonesian archipelago and is located just 2 kilometers away from the eastern tip of the Java island and Lombok island. The island is home of approximately 4 million people and approximately 144 kilometers from east to west and 80 kilometers north to south. There are varied landscape of hills and mountains, rugged coastlines and sandy beaches, lush rice terraces and barren volcanic hillsides provide a picturesque backdrop to the colorful and deeply spiritual culture of this 'Island of The Gods'.
The word paradise is used a lot in Bali, and eighty percent of international visitors to Indonesia visit Bali and Bali alone. The popularity is not without reason, The first Hindus arrived on Bali as early as 100 BC, so it's easy to understand why the island has had some time to develop its own culture. But the current chapter in Bali's history began in the seventies when intrepid hippies and surfers discovered Bali's beaches and waves, and tourism soon became the biggest income. Despite the shocks of the terrorist attacks in 2002 and 2005, the magical island continues to draw crowds and Bali's culture remains as spectacular as ever.
There are an estimated 20,000 temples (pura) on the island, each of which holds festivals (odalan) at least twice a year and there are many other auspicious days throughout the year, there are always festivities going on. There are some large festivals celebrated island wide, but their dates are determined by two local calendars. The 210-day wuku or Pawukon calendar is completely out of sync with the Western calendar, the lunar saka (caka) calendar roughly follows the Western year.

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2008年11月6日星期四

Geneva

Geneva is a beautiful place with lakes and mountains surround it, the water of Geneva Lake is so clear that even you can see the fish swimming in the lake, Alps mountain in far away with white snow on the top, this is a place you will never forget.
You will feel very tranquil of Geneva Lake, it is so large that you even can’t see the margin, the water is clear and many swans floating on the lake, they will never get on the bank until some visitors give them some bread. Tulips always bloom in April, although the weather is still cold. There are variety of Tulips, red, yellow, pink ,white ,even black, beside the garden is a large fountain which is the mark of Geneva, the beads are spattered everywhere, you can't image how beatiful the scenery is.
If you visit there in October ,you will find that the tulips are all replaced by pansies, then the trees on the sides of the street all turn to yellow. It is autumn, so the grapes in the grapery grow up,several little houses with red roofs are built on the grassplot, a cow is eating grass there, the sight just like the picture of fairy tale.
Geneva is a small city that you just need a half day to walk through the urban area, it is not full of vitality like Tokyo and New York, but you can enjoy a peaceful life when walking on the bank of the lake, to see some people feeding the swans or walking with their dogs. Geneva fits to some gentle people to live.

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2008年11月5日星期三

Provence and Lavender

“France is romantic just because they have Provence”,this is a wisdom of French poet Romain Rolland .Provence is a beautiful place with blue and clear sky, the air is so fresh , just like the iced lemonade, the famous thing of Provence is lavender, they bloom in July to August every year, if you visit there in this time ,you will see all hills and valleys are covered by purple lavenders, just like wearing a purple coat, the lavenders wave in the wind ,the scent of flowers is mixed with the smell of grass, which is the best scenery of south French.
Lavender is considered as a holy herb which have magic. You can see lots of lavenders everywhere in Provence ,all over the mountains and plains, undulated in the breeze like the sea wave, with the rural scenery and shining sunlight, which make up a picture of Provence just like a purple dream,
Everyone have been to Provence will never forget the unique wind of Mediterranean sea, it always happens in a peaceful day , suddenly there is a big and strange sound just like something exploded, the trees nearby sway fiercely in the wind and the air is full of dust, but the wind will disappear in several hours ,everything will be peaceful again, the sunshine is warm and the air is fresh, even you will suspect that the scene is just a dream which you saw a moment ago.
. Provence was a province of Rome empire many years ago. In this period all the south France was the field of Provence. After the downfall of Rome ,Provence was ruled by other countries, Frankish Kingdom, Saracen, feudatory ,it also has been partition by the France empire and Rome Pope. Because of these ,the fields of Provence have many big changes in the history, At the end of 18th century, France was divided into five provinces and Provence is one of them. In 1960’,the province was divided to 22 districts ,so it is known as Provence-Alps district now.

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2008年11月1日星期六

Edinburgh

Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland, it is beside the Ben Nevis mountain and Loch Ness ,with beautiful scenery and wet climate, so it was judged to be one of the most beautiful cities in Britain and there is a special name for it ”Northern Switzerland ”. The Edinburgh castle is the mark of Edinburgh city, it attracts many visitors because of the special enchantment, then with the birth of ,more mysterious feeling was added to this famous castle.
You will feel it is the middle ages of Europe when you are walking on the street of Edinburgh, and you will pay much respect to this city, that may because Edinburgh is the witness of the history filled by iron and blood, there are many stories between England and Scotland, and you can find many cannons ,circumvallation, battle memorials and museums. Edinburgh was built on the highest place of urban area, you can see all sights of this city.
Edinburgh castle was used as service stronghold, palace, and national prison until sixth century,then it was used as royal fortress from the sixth century to middle ages; with the building of Holy Rood Palace ,Edinburgh was replaced, but it is still fond by Scotland royalty. Royal Mile is a famous street of Edinburgh, there are many royal buildings, the sculpture of St. Giles' Cathedral just like a Scotland crown, the colorful glass and exquisite woodcarving are all amazing. at the end of the street there is the Palace of Holyroodhouse ,the Scottish queen Mary lived here before.
Edinburgh will be the focus of the world in August to September every year,There are many performances such as music, opera, drama, and dance. The Edinburgh arts festival started in 1947, after a devastating war, an optimistic expression was needed for the Europeans to restore their lives. Artists from Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bosnia , Georgia , Lebanon, Turkey, Palestine, Israel and Iran came there together, all artists face particular challenges on their own fields and they will bring a lot of happiness to visitors.

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